every learning tool (books, lectures, note-taking, etc) have an underlying model of how humans learn (cognitive model)
transmissionism: the cognitive model in which it’s enough for lecturer to say words for students to understand
the real learning, though, happens after the lecture when people try solving the problems
to understand something, you must actively engage with it
books also implicitly assume transmissionism
textbooks (with exercises) have an explicit cognitive model
that still leaves a lot of metacognitive burden on the students: evaluation which exercises are worth doing, whether student understands the underlying concept behind exercises
courses help with metacognitive burden: provide feedback on exercises (group and/or individual), fine-grained help if students are stuck
courses also have social and emotional parts
instead of trying to fix books, we can design new mediums altogether
