📝Language runtime

Characteristics:

• memory management (garbage collection/manual)

• memory safety (dereferencing null, race conditions)

• concurrency and parallelism

• static/dynamic field access (whether it can be compiled effectively or requires hash lookup)

• reflection / metaprogramming

• environment (browser/macOS/Windows/Android)

• type system (runtime type checking)

• interoperability with other languages/runtimes

See also

• Runtime is what makes languages unique

• Languages become popular when they bring innovative runtime

• Value representation—how values are represented in language runtime

Backlinks

• 📝 Value representation
• 📝 Runtime is what makes languages unique
• 📝 Languages become popular when they bring innovative runtime
• 📝 § Programming Language